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The serious
consequences of breathing second hand smoke
The following papers
by Woodward and Laugesen were the most quoted in the run-up to the 2003
legislation:
MORBIDITY: How much
illness does second hand smoke in New
Zealand cause?
http://www.ndp.govt.nz/tobacco/MorbidityAttributabletoSecondHandCigaretteSmoke.pdf
(15,000
episodes of childhood asthma, nearly 2,000 hospital admissions annually,
nearly 30,000 visits to general practitoners)
MORTALIY: How many deaths does second hand smoke
in New Zealand
cause?
In Tobacco Control SHSdeaths.pdf
(350 deaths a year, 250 a year in future)
Annual estimated deaths from
second-hand smoke 2003
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Home exposures and work exposures before 2004 ban.
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Home and work exposure, of men, women and infants
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Since December 2004 when smoking was banned indoors in all workplaces
and hospitality venues, almost all remaining second hand smoke exposure
is due to exposure at home.
Some 250 deaths a year are due to home exposure. These will
continue unless smokers take their smoking outside. Many more will suffer survivable but
disabling heart attacks and strokes.
homes.htm
Living in a smoky home increases death risk by 17%
(Evidence from the NZ Census, comparing answers to the
Census question on smoking, linked with subsequent cause of death)
Adults who
had never smoked and who lived with smokers in
the period 1996-9 had a 17% higher mortality (risk of dying) than never smokers
living in a smoke-free household, when followed up for
four years. (This was after allowing for many socioeconomic and other
factors).
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Hill S, Blakely T, Kawachi I, Woodward A. at the Wellington
School of Medicine:
http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/328/7446/988/TBL1
In the 1990s
when smokers were not told to smoke outside, this increased risk from
living with a smoker is mostly due
to indoor cigarette smoke.
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